So we have 2 + (5X2) = 12 musical positions of notes.
The remaining 5 notes have 2 varieties each. The notes Sa (tonic) and Pa (Perfect Fifth) are always fixed once we decide on a Tonic (according to the Shruti). These are the following (The full names of the notes follows the sound with which it is sung) : There are 7 musical notes in Carnatic Music, called the Sapta (seven) Swaras (musical notes). Just as you would get words when you combine letters. Each Swara has its unique sound, and by combining those sounds we get melody. Check this postout, if you don’t understand the concept of the tonic. A certain distances (or heights) away from this starting point, we have the positions of the remaining notes. The ground level is our starting point, and that musical note is called the Tonic or the Shadja. A swara is a musical note (or tones) in an octave.